1. Application Area: AI Hardware (Transistors, Chips, Processors)
Key NMs: Graphene, Carbon Nanotubes (CNTs), MoS₂, WS₂, h-BN
Function: Ultra-fast, low-power transistors and interconnects for neuromorphic & quantum chips
2. Application area: AI Memory Devices (Memristors, RRAM, PCM)
Key NMs: Metal oxide nanoparticles (TiO₂, HfO₂, NiO, ZnO), Graphene oxide, Ag nanoparticles
Function: Enable synapse-like memory (non-volatile, analog resistance switching)
3. Application area: AI Sensors (Vision, Speech, Tactile, Chemical)
Key NMs: Quantum dots (CdSe, PbS), Graphene, MXenes, Metal oxide nanowires, Plasmonic nanoparticles
Function: High sensitivity / selectivity for input to AI systems (e.g., autonomous vehicles, robotics)
4. Application Area: AI Energy Devices (Edge computing, IoT)
Key NMs: Nanostructured Si, SnO₂, Fe₃O₄, CNT composites, Perovskite nanomaterials
Function: High-energy-density batteries and supercapacitors for powering AI devices
5. Application Area: Neuromorphic Computing
Key NMs: 2D materials (MoS₂, WSe₂), VO₂ nanostructures, Function: Phase-change chalcogenides (Ge₂Sb₂Te₅), Memristive nanolayersMimic human brain’s synaptic functions – learning and adaptation in hardware
6. Application area: AI in Quantum Computing
Key NMs: Superconducting nanowires, Topological insulator nanomaterials (Bi₂Se₃, Sb₂Te₃), NV centers in nanodiamond
Function: Quantum bit (qubit) implementation for AI-quantum integration
7. Application Area: AI Optical Computing / Photonics
Key NMs: Plasmonic nanostructures (Au, Ag), Silicon nanophotonics, Perovskite nanocrystals
Function: Enable ultra-fast optical data processing using light instead of electrons
8. Applicaion Area: AI Biosensing / Health AI
Key NMs: Gold nanoparticles, Graphene oxide, MoS₂ nanosheets, ZnO nanorods
Function: Convert biological signals (glucose, virus, DNA) into AI-readable digital data